The biggest difference in Turbo or supercharger is the method of extracting the energy from the pistons.  With a turbo setup, the exiting exhaust gasses are funneled through a turbine which, with a gear ratio depending on needs, drives the turbine that compresses the air for your engine.  A supercharger is driven by a belt and pulley.  The turbo will lag slightly at low rpm's becuase it has to get spooled up, but gives you more power than a turbo.  The turbo, due to the lag, is especially useful at higher rpm's.  The supercharger doesn't really have lag, but doesn't give you as much power as a turbo will. 

Not a lot of info, just a little elaboration of what JBI and DT said.